Gunung Berapi

Gunung berapi ini terbentuk muka bumi disebabkan oleh Yang Peristiwa tektonik .

Gunung berapi terbentuk di Daerah Dari tabrakan lempeng samudera Kerak murah Kerak Benua. Di Daerah di mana tabrakan lempeng terbentuk zona sesar . Bagian piring Yang Hancur , Akan mencair karena Kontak dengan panas magma Dari perut bumi . hasil peleburan Kembali Akan menjadi vulkanik magma . Selain itu , magma gunung berapi Akan pecah Keluar Dari bumi permukaan murah membentuk gunung berapi .

Volcano Eruption Impact

NEGATIVE IMPACT volcanic eruptions:
1. Various solid materials can destroy homes and other facilities such as bridges, roads, schools, etc..
2. Volcanic ash and dust can cause respiratory and vision.
3. Various types of liquid material (lava and lava) can damage forests, plantations, and rice fields.
4. High-temperature gas materials or toxic cloud that can heat a life buffeted by deadly heat clouds are due to very high speed of approximately 100km/jam.
5. After the eruption (post volcanism) may still have remnants of poisonous gas and lava flows of dangerous cold.

POSITIVE IMPACT OF ERUPTION OF MOUNT API:
1. Ingredients vomit volcano, such as ash and lava contain nutrients that can improve soil fertility.
2. The eruption that buried the material around the mountain also rivers in its path can be extracted and used as building materials such as stone, gravel, sand, etc..
3. Various symptoms after volcanic eruptions (post volcanism), exploited for the benefit of technology and tourism. Things that can be encountered during the post-volcanism, among others:
a. The emergence of gas sources (eksalasi).
b. The emergence of the sources of hot water.
c. The emergence of the source water contains minerals such as sulfur.
d. The emergence of a gushing hot springs (geysers).

DUE Volcanic Eruptions

DUE volcanic eruptions
Volcanic eruptions can be very powerful to be able to destroy the surrounding environment. When the volcano erupted published various materials which include:
1. Dense material (eflata), which consists of eflata autogen and eflata alogen.
Eflata can be shaped as follows:
a. bomb
Namely eflata large.
b. lapilli
Namely eflata small.
c. volcanic sand
Eflata ie sand-sized.
d. ash
That is fine as dust eflata.
e. pumice
Namely eflata shaped frozen foam.
2. Liquid material (effusive) occurs when there is no stopper so it will come out lava liquid magma in the form:
a. Lava (magma that reaches out into the earth's surface) with a temperature between 900̊ C - 1200̊ C.
b. hot lava
c. cold lava
3. Material gas (eksalasi) can be shaped as follows:
a. fumarole gas
Namely the gas release water vapor (H2O).
b. gas sulfatar
Ie gas containing sulfur (H2S)
c. gas mofet
Ie a gas containing carbon dioxide.

Volcano TYPES OF GAS UNDER PRESSURE, viscosity DEGREES, AND DEPTH KITCHEN MAGMA

1. Type Hawaii
Characteristics:
a. Lava liquid and watery.
b. Alkaline magma flowing quietly into a lava in the crater.
c. Shallow magma chamber and the low gas pressure.
d. This type produces a shield volcano.
2. Type Stromboli
Characteristics:
a. Is alkaline and molten lava.
b. This lava reached the surface sometimes with a short eruption that threw dust, lapilli, volcanic bombs also produced in semi-solid form.
c. This type of eruption is similar to the type of Hawaii.
d. Gas pressure was (because of the shallow magma chamber).
e. Continuous eruption and not strong.
3. Type of volcano
Characteristics:
a. Liquid magma, clay, and condensed.
b. There is a type of volcano is weak and a strong volcano.
c. When erupted throwing solid materials, dust, gas, and lava flows.
d. Gas pressure was (because the location of shallow magma chamber).

Form Volcanoes

dome shape

1. The dome shape
Volcano has a convex upward morphology.
Lava dome is viscous molten lava that comes out through the gap and bounded by steep sides all around.

 

cone shape

maar shape

2. Cone shape
Is due to the piles of lava or explosive eruptions that didikuti with effusive (melt).
Most of the volcanoes in Indonesia conical.
Types of volcanic cone shape:
a. Cone spray
b. Cone parasites (parasitic cone)
c. Cinder cone (cinder cone)
d. Tuff cone and lump
3. The shield shape (shield)
The shape is like a shield volcano due to piles of lava from the eruption a few times. This volcano has a very broad base with a sloping slopes gunugn because formed from molten lava liquid.
4. Maar shape (funnel)
Characteristics:
a. This mountain resembles a funnel formed by the great eruption.
b. Eruption accompanied by intense bursts of gas.
c. Neck oval-shaped crater.
d. Like a bowl-shaped crater with a diameter of 3-4 km.
e. Terletakdi bottom of the crater below the soil surface.
f. Usually there is a crater lake.
5. Forms Barangko
Namely grooves on a rough volcanic and irregular due to erosion.
6. Needles volcano (Lava Spine)
Lava from the crater immediately frozen and stuffed pit crater that the longer protruding high above the crater.
7. Form of the plateau:
a. Lava plateau
Occurs due to eruption of calm in the form of molten lava through the cracks that form the lava plateau.
b. Pyroclastic plateau
Compiled by pumice and ash deposits are fired from the gap and has a caldera structure or subsidence curves.
8. Shape Strato (pyroclastic cone)
The volcano is layered with a rather steep slope consisting of an Intermittent sediment. The precipitate in the form of lava forming a layer of waterproof so there are lots of stored water that comes out to be a big spring.